Digital Marketing Mix: Analyzing the role of digital marketing within the extended marketing mix- 7 Ps.

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Digital Marketing Mix: Analyzing the role of digital marketing within the extended marketing mix- 7 Ps.


Digital Marketing Mix: Analyzing the role of digital marketing within the extended marketing mix - 7 Ps


The marketing mix, traditionally known as the 4 Ps, comprises product, price, place, and promotion. However, with the rise of digital marketing, it has become necessary to adapt these four aspects to the digital landscape, resulting in the extended marketing mix - 7 Ps. The additional three elements include people, process, and physical evidence. In this context, we will delve into the role of digital marketing in the extended marketing mix with real-life examples and facts.


The Extended Marketing Mix - 7 Ps in Digital Marketing


Digital marketing plays a crucial role in each of the 7 Ps. Let's break it down step by step.


1. Product 💡 In the digital world, the product can be both tangible and intangible, such as software, apps, or online services. Digital marketing plays a pivotal role in promoting these products through various online channels, such as social media, search engines, and email campaigns. For instance, Adobe promotes its Creative Cloud software suite through targeted online advertisements, content marketing, and social media campaigns.

2. Price 💰 The internet offers transparency to consumers, allowing them to compare prices of products and services with ease. As a result, businesses must use digital marketing to promote competitive pricing strategies. Dynamic pricing, for example, is an approach utilized by e-commerce websites like Amazon. This method adjusts prices in real-time, based on factors like consumer demand and competitor pricing, thus maximizing profitability.

3. Place 🌐 In digital marketing, the 'place' refers to the online platforms where products and services are offered to customers. From e-commerce websites to social media platforms, the internet has become a global marketplace. Digital marketing strategies must be tailored to each platform to reach the target audience effectively. For example, ASOS, an online fashion retailer, uses a multi-channel approach, including its website, mobile app, and social media platforms like Instagram, to engage with customers and sell products.

4. Promotion 📣 Promotion in digital marketing entails utilizing various online channels and tactics to create brand awareness and drive sales. These methods include search engine optimization (SEO), social media marketing, email marketing, and online advertising. A notable example is Nike's #ChooseGo campaign, which utilized social media, influencers, and personalized content to promote their products and encourage physical activity.

5. People 👥 Digital marketing relies on people to create, manage, and execute campaigns. It also focuses on understanding and targeting the right audience. By using customer data and insights, businesses can create personalized marketing messages and experiences, enhancing customer engagement. Spotify, for instance, uses algorithms and user data to suggest personalized playlists and recommendations, creating a unique user experience.

6. Process 🔧 A streamlined process is essential in digital marketing to manage campaigns, track results, and optimize strategies. Tools like Google Analytics, Hootsuite, and HubSpot help businesses monitor their online presence, analyze customer behavior, and improve their marketing tactics. For example, Airbnb uses data-driven processes to optimize its digital marketing efforts, ensuring that their advertisements reach the right audience at the right time.

7. Physical Evidence 📑 In the digital world, physical evidence refers to the online presence and reputation of a brand. This can include customer reviews, testimonials, and case studies. Digital marketing plays a role in managing a brand's online reputation and showcasing positive customer experiences. A prime example is TripAdvisor, where businesses encourage customers to leave reviews and share their experiences to build credibility and trust among potential customers.


In conclusion, digital marketing has a significant impact on the extended marketing mix - 7 Ps. By embracing digital channels and tactics, businesses can enhance their online presence, engage with customers, and achieve their marketing goals. From product promotion to customer engagement and reputation management, digital marketing continues to reshape the marketing landscape.



Identify the 7 Ps of the extended marketing mix.


The Extended Marketing Mix: 7 Ps 🎯


The concept of the marketing mix, initially introduced as the 4 Ps (Product, Price, Place, and Promotion), was expanded into the 7 Ps to include three additional aspects: People, Process, and Physical Evidence. These elements are crucial in understanding the overall marketing strategy and achieving the desired goals. Let's dive into each of these components with examples and real-world scenarios.


Product 🛍️

The product refers to the goods or services offered by a company to satisfy the needs and wants of customers. When designing a product, businesses should keep in mind the target audience, the problem they are trying to solve, and the unique selling proposition (USP) that sets them apart from competitors.

Example: Apple's iPhone offers a sleek design, user-friendly interface, and a variety of features appealing to tech-savvy consumers.

Price 💲

Price is the amount customers pay to acquire the product or service. This includes not just the monetary cost but also the perceived value of the product. Pricing strategies should consider factors like production costs, competitor pricing, and customer demand.

Example: Tesla offers premium electric cars at a higher price, reflecting their advanced technology, high-quality materials, and eco-friendly nature.

Place 🌐

Place refers to the distribution channels and locations where customers can access and purchase the product. This could be physical stores, online platforms, or a combination of both. The choice of distribution channels should align with the target audience and overall marketing strategy.

Example: Amazon.com has built a vast online marketplace, making it easy for customers to find and buy products from anywhere in the world.

Promotion 📣

Promotion encompasses all the communication channels and techniques used to inform, persuade, and remind customers about the product. This may include advertising, public relations, social media marketing, content marketing, and more. The promotion strategy should be tailored to the target audience and the product's unique selling points.

Example: Nike's "Just Do It" campaign effectively communicates the brand's values and inspires customers to pursue their athletic goals.

People 👥

People are the individuals involved in delivering the product or service, including employees, management, and stakeholders. Their skills, knowledge, and attitudes can significantly impact customer satisfaction. Investing in employee training, creating a healthy work environment, and fostering a customer-centric culture are essential aspects of this element.

Example: Zappos is known for its excellent customer service, which is a result of hiring the right people, providing extensive training, and empowering employees to make decisions that benefit customers.

Process ⚙️

Process refers to the systems, procedures, and policies that govern the delivery of a product or service. Efficient processes ensure consistent quality, reduce costs, and improve customer satisfaction. Regular evaluation and improvement of these processes are vital for long-term success.

Example: McDonald's has streamlined its food production process, enabling them to serve customers quickly and consistently across all locations.

Physical Evidence 🏢

Physical evidence is the tangible aspect of the product or service that customers interact with, such as packaging, website design, or store layout. These elements should align with the brand image and enhance the overall customer experience.

Example: Starbucks creates a comfortable and inviting atmosphere in its stores, making it an ideal place for customers to relax, work, or socialize.


Understanding and effectively applying the 7 Ps of the extended marketing mix can significantly impact the success of a company's digital marketing strategy, ensuring that it reaches the intended audience, delivers value, and achieves the desired goals.


Determine how digital marketing fits into each of the 7 Ps.


Digital Marketing and the 7 Ps

✅ Product

In the realm of digital marketing, the product refers to the goods or services that a company offers to its customers. The importance of digital marketing in product management cannot be overstated. It helps in creating a virtual presence for the product, highlighting its features and benefits, and identifying the target audience.

For example, Apple uses digital marketing to showcase its range of products like iPhones, MacBooks, and iPads through online advertising, social media, and content marketing. By creating engaging and informative content, Apple ensures that its products reach the right target audience and generate interest.

✅ Price

Digital marketing plays a crucial role in determining the price of a product by providing valuable insights into the market, competition, and consumer preferences. Through various digital marketing tools, such as Google Analytics and social media analytics, companies can collect data to create pricing strategies that appeal to their target audience.

A real-life case is when Uber uses dynamic pricing, which adjusts prices based on real-time demand and supply. With the help of digital marketing, Uber can analyze user data, understand peak hours, and adjust their pricing accordingly to maximize revenue.

✅ Place

Place, in the context of digital marketing, refers to the online presence of a business or brand. Having a strong online presence is crucial to reaching customers and promoting products effectively.

For instance, Amazon has created a massive online marketplace where millions of people can easily purchase products with a few clicks. Amazon's digital marketing strategies include search engine optimization (SEO), paid advertising, and social media marketing to ensure their platform is easily accessible and visible to potential customers.

✅ Promotion

Promotion in digital marketing includes all the tactics used to raise awareness and drive engagement with products or services. Some popular promotion methods are content marketing, search engine marketing (SEM), social media marketing, email marketing, and influencer marketing.

A great example is Nike's "Just Do It" campaign. Nike leveraged digital marketing channels such as social media, video marketing, and influencer partnerships to promote its products while inspiring and engaging with its audience.

✅ People

People are a fundamental aspect of any marketing strategy. In digital marketing, this includes everyone involved in creating, executing, and managing digital campaigns. From content creators to social media managers, each person plays a vital role in the success of a digital marketing strategy.

Digital marketing also focuses on understanding the target audience and their preferences. By collecting and analyzing data, companies can create personalized marketing campaigns that resonate with their audience. A prime example is the Spotify Wrapped campaign, which offers listeners a personalized summary of their music taste and listening habits, creating a buzz on social media every year.

✅ Process

The process in digital marketing refers to the workflows, systems, and methodologies that ensure a smooth and efficient marketing operation. A well-defined process helps in planning, executing, and measuring the success of digital marketing campaigns.

For example, a social media marketing process may include steps like content planning, scheduling, posting, engagement tracking, and reporting. By following a structured process, marketers can ensure consistency in their digital marketing efforts and easily identify areas for improvement.

✅ Physical Evidence

In digital marketing, physical evidence refers to the tangible elements that support a brand's online presence, such as website design, mobile applications, and customer reviews. These elements create trust and credibility among customers, leading to better engagement and conversion rates.

A great example of physical evidence in digital marketing is Airbnb. The platform offers user-generated content like reviews, ratings, and photographs of rental properties, which help build trust among potential customers. Additionally, their user-friendly website and mobile app make it easy for users to navigate and book their stays conveniently.


In conclusion, digital marketing plays a significant role in each of the 7 Ps of marketing. By leveraging digital channels and tools, businesses can create comprehensive and effective marketing strategies that drive customer engagement, generate leads, and increase sales.


Analyze the effectiveness of current digital marketing strategies within the extended marketing mix.


Importance of Digital Marketing within the Extended Marketing Mix 🌐

Before diving into the analysis of the effectiveness of current digital marketing strategies, it is essential to understand the crucial role that digital marketing plays within the extended marketing mix. The 7 Ps of the marketing mix are Product, Price, Place, Promotion, People, Process, and Physical evidence. Digital marketing has a significant impact on all these aspects, helping businesses reach their target audience, enhance customer engagement, and drive sales.

Digital Marketing's Impact on the 7 Ps 👩‍💼

Product 📦: Digital marketing enables businesses to gather valuable data about customer preferences and needs, helping them develop and market products that cater to their target audience.

Price 💰: Through digital marketing, businesses can gather data on consumer price sensitivity and competitor pricing strategies, allowing them to develop dynamic pricing models that maximize profitability.

Place 📍: With digital marketing, businesses can reach their target audience anywhere, anytime, breaking the barriers of traditional brick-and-mortar stores.

Promotion 📣: Digital marketing provides a plethora of advertising and promotional channels, such as social media, email, and content marketing, that are cost-effective and highly targeted.

People 👥: Digital marketing enables businesses to better understand their customers through data and analytics, leading to improved customer targeting and segmentation.

Process ⚙️: Digital marketing streamlines customer interactions and transactions, making the purchasing process more seamless and efficient.

Physical evidence 🏬: Digital marketing helps businesses showcase their offerings and credibility through online presence, reviews, and testimonials.


Analyzing the Effectiveness of Current Digital Marketing Strategies 🔍


To analyze the effectiveness of current digital marketing strategies within the extended marketing mix, consider the following aspects:


Strategy Alignment with Business Goals 💼

Ensure that the digital marketing strategies align with the overall business goals and objectives. Evaluate how they contribute to increasing brand awareness, customer acquisition, engagement, and loyalty. For instance, a company that focuses on building brand awareness might invest heavily in content marketing and social media advertising.

Acme Inc. set a goal to expand its customer base by 20% in the next year. They developed a digital marketing strategy, including social media advertising, content marketing, and email campaigns, targeting potential customers in their niche. After six months, they saw a 10% increase in their customer base, indicating that their strategy was effective and on track to meet their goal.

Measuring Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) 📈

Establish clear and measurable KPIs to gauge the success of digital marketing strategies. Some common KPIs include website traffic, conversion rates, clickthrough rates, cost per acquisition, and return on investment (ROI). Analyze the data and adjust the strategies accordingly to maximize their effectiveness.

An online clothing store launched an email marketing campaign, offering a 15% discount on first-time purchases. They measured the campaign's success by tracking clickthrough rates (CTR), conversions, and ROI. After analyzing the data, they discovered that personalizing the email subject lines led to a 25% increase in CTR and a 15% increase in conversions, resulting in a higher ROI.

Competitive Analysis 🏆

Perform a competitive analysis to understand how other businesses in your industry are leveraging digital marketing strategies. Identify areas where your strategies excel or fall short and adapt accordingly to stay ahead of the competition.

Jane's Boutique noticed that their main competitor was gaining traction on social media through influencer partnerships. They decided to collaborate with micro-influencers in their niche, resulting in a 30% increase in website traffic and a 20% increase in sales.

Adaptability and Innovation 🔧

Digital marketing is constantly evolving, with new trends and tools emerging frequently. Regularly review and update digital marketing strategies to stay current and effective.

When live streaming became popular on social media platforms, XYZ Corp. quickly adapted their content marketing strategy to include live streaming events and Q&A sessions. This innovative approach led to a significant increase in customer engagement and brand visibility.


In conclusion, analyzing the effectiveness of current digital marketing strategies within the extended marketing mix involves assessing their alignment with business goals, measuring KPIs, conducting competitive analysis, and ensuring adaptability and innovation. By critically examining these aspects and adjusting strategies accordingly, businesses can maximize the impact of their digital marketing efforts on the 7 Ps and achieve their desired objectives.


Identify areas for improvement and potential opportunities for incorporating digital marketing into the mix.


Digital Marketing and the 7 Ps


In order to identify areas for improvement and potential opportunities for incorporating digital marketing into the marketing mix, it is essential to understand the role of digital marketing within the extended marketing mix - the 7 Ps. The extended marketing mix includes Product, Price, Place, Promotion, People, Process, and Physical Evidence.


🎯 Product: Enhancing Offerings with Digital Features

One of the main areas for improvement is the Product. In the digital era, it is crucial to enhance your offerings with digital features that can make your product more user-friendly, efficient, and engaging.


Case Study: Nike Adapt BB

For instance, Nike introduced the Adapt BB, a basketball shoe with automatic lacing technology, which automatically adjusts the fit of the shoe according to the user's foot. Nike's digital innovations in their products have helped them stay ahead of the competition.







Nike Adapt BB: A product that integrates digital technology for an improved user experience.


💰 Price: Dynamic Pricing Strategies

Another area for potential improvement is Price. Digital marketing allows businesses to implement dynamic pricing strategies, adjusting prices based on market demand, customer behavior, and other factors.

Case Study: Uber's Surge Pricing

Uber, for example, has successfully implemented a dynamic pricing strategy called "surge pricing," which adjusts fares based on the demand for rides in a given area. This helps manage supply and demand while maximizing profits.

Uber's Surge Pricing: A dynamic pricing strategy made possible by digital technology.


🌐 Place: Expanding Reach with Digital Channels

Place refers to the distribution channels used to get your products or services to your customers. Digital marketing opens up numerous opportunities to expand your reach and increase accessibility through different digital channels.

Case Study: Warby Parker's Online Store

Warby Parker, an eyewear retailer, started as an online store that allowed customers to virtually try on glasses before making a purchase. This innovative approach provided customers with a wide range of options and convenience, helping the brand grow quickly.

Warby Parker's Online Store: A successful example of using digital channels to expand reach.


🔊 Promotion: Boosting Brand Visibility through Digital Channels


Promotion refers to the marketing communication strategies used to reach your target audience. Digital marketing offers numerous channels and tools to effectively promote your brand, products, and services.


Case Study: Dollar Shave Club's Viral Video

Dollar Shave Club, a subscription-based razor company, gained massive popularity through a viral video campaign. This low-cost, high-impact promotion strategy showcased the power of digital marketing to create brand awareness.

Dollar Shave Club's Viral Video: An effective digital promotional strategy that boosted brand visibility.


👥 People: Leveraging Influencers & User-Generated Content


In the digital age, People play a significant role in marketing. Influencers and user-generated content can help improve your digital marketing efforts by generating more authentic engagement and trust with your audience.


Case Study: Glossier's Influencer Marketing


Glossier, a skincare and makeup brand, leveraged the power of influencers and user-generated content to build a strong community and drive sales. This approach allowed them to create authentic connections with their target audience.


Glossier's Influencer Marketing: A successful strategy that leveraged the power of people in digital marketing.


🔄 Process: Streamlining Customer Journey with Digital Tools


Process refers to the systems and procedures used in your business operations. Digital marketing provides opportunities to streamline processes using digital tools, enhancing the customer experience.


Case Study: Amazon's One-Click Ordering


Amazon's one-click ordering system is an excellent example of streamlining the purchasing process, making it easier and more efficient for customers.

Amazon's One-Click Ordering: A digital tool that simplifies and improves the customer journey.


📌 Physical Evidence: Enhancing Customer Experience with Digital Touchpoints

Lastly, Physical Evidence is crucial in the digital age, as customers rely on online reviews, testimonials, and other digital touchpoints to make purchase decisions.


Case Study: Airbnb's Review System


Airbnb's review system is an essential aspect of their platform, as it provides potential guests with valuable information about the quality and attractiveness of the listings. This digital touchpoint helps build trust and credibility.


Airbnb's Review System: A digital touchpoint that enhances the customer experience.


By analyzing these areas and examples, you can identify potential opportunities for incorporating digital marketing into your marketing mix and enhance your overall marketing strategy.




Develop a plan for implementing and measuring the success of digital marketing within the extended marketing mix.Digital Marketing Mix: Finding the Perfect Blend 🎯


In today's world, digital marketing plays a crucial role in driving business success. The 7 Ps of the extended marketing mix - Product, Price, Place, Promotion, People, Process, and Physical Evidence - are essential in creating a comprehensive digital marketing strategy. Let's dive into how to develop a plan for implementing and measuring the success of digital marketing within the extended marketing mix.


Step 1: Set Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, and Time-Bound (SMART) Goals 🎯


To begin, you need to establish SMART goals for your digital marketing strategy. These goals will help you measure the success of your efforts.

Goal: Increase website conversions by 15% in the next quarter.```


#### Step 2: Understand your Target Audience 👥


Knowing your target audience and their preferences is key to crafting a successful digital marketing strategy. Define your target audience's demographics, psychographics, and online behavior so you can create content that resonates with them.


```Example:

Target Audience: Women aged 25-40, interested in eco-friendly products, and active on Instagram and Pinterest.```


#### Step 3: Create a Content Plan 📝

With your target audience in mind, develop a content plan that addresses their needs and preferences. The content should be engaging, informative, and relevant to your products or services.


```Example:

Content Plan: Blog posts on eco-friendly living tips, Instagram posts featuring sustainable products, and Pinterest boards with DIY projects using sustainable materials.```


#### Step 4: Optimize the User Experience (UX) 🖥️

A seamless user experience is crucial to the success of your digital marketing efforts. Optimize your website and other digital channels for easy navigation, fast loading times, and mobile-friendliness.


```Example:

UX Optimization: Improve website loading speed, ensure mobile responsiveness, simplify the checkout process, and add live chat support.```


#### Step 5: Promote through Multiple Digital Channels 📡

To reach a wider audience, use various digital channels to promote your content. These channels can include social media, email marketing, search engine optimization (SEO), and paid advertising.


```Example:

Digital Channels: Facebook ads, Google AdWords, email newsletters, and SEO-driven blog content.```


#### Step 6: Track and Analyze Performance Metrics 📊

Monitor the success of your digital marketing efforts by tracking key performance indicators (KPIs) relevant to your goals. This will help you understand the effectiveness of your strategy and identify areas for improvement.


```Example:

KPIs: Website traffic, conversion rates, click-through rates, social media engagement, and email open rates.```


#### Step 7: Review and Iterate 🔄

Regularly review your digital marketing strategy and its results. Make necessary adjustments based on the data collected from the performance metrics to optimize your efforts and achieve better results.


```Example:

Iteration: If Instagram posts are generating higher engagement than Pinterest, allocate more resources to Instagram content creation and promotion.```


By following these steps, you can create an effective digital marketing strategy that aligns with the 7 Ps of the extended marketing mix. Remember to regularly review your approach and adapt as needed to achieve your SMART goals and drive business success.

UeCapmus

UeCapmus

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Class Sessions

1- Introduction 2- Marketing Concepts and Orientations: Analyze different marketing concepts and orientations to understand their role in the success of an organization. 3- Marketing Function and Interrelation with Other Units: Evaluate the key elements of the marketing function and how they interrelate with other function. 4- Strategic Marketing Planning: Understand external and internal environmental audits for designing marketing planning and evaluate the determinants. 5- Customer Relationship Management: Evaluate the role of customer relationship management in developing an effective marketing approach. 6- The Marketing Mix and Extended Marketing Mix: New Product or Service Development, Distribution Strategy, and Pricing Strategies 🚀. 7- Introduction 8- Consumer Behavior: Understanding the psychological, sociological, structural, and cultural factors that influence buying behavior. 9- Marketing Programs: Evaluating the role of consumer behavior in developing effective marketing programs. 10- Theories and Models: Evaluating the impact of appropriate theories, concepts, and models that influence and impact consumer decision-making processes. 11- Customer Insight: Analyzing the concepts and processes of developing customer insight in different contexts, including digital contexts. 12- Consumer Experience: Analyzing the relationship between consumer behavior, consumer experience, and consumer communication. 13- Relationship Management: Developing a plan to enhance customer experience and customer relationship management. 14- Communication Strategy: Analyzing the elements of an effective consumer communications strategy, including digital media strategies to manage customer. 15- Metrics: Evaluating a range of metrics to measure the success of the communication strategy to manage customer relationships. 16- Introduction 17- Digital Marketing Integration: Understanding how digital marketing integrates with offline marketing concepts and applications. 18- Digital Strategy Development: Developing goals and objectives for digital and social media strategy. 19- Customer Relationship Building: Analyzing a digital marketing strategy for building customer relationships with the brand and organization. 20- Social Media Campaign Integration: Understanding how to develop an integrated social media campaign for a strategic relationship with customers. 21- Data Collection and Analysis: Developing an integrated approach to data collection, analysis, and extraction of insights across all channels. 22- E-commerce Business Models: Analyzing and evaluating e-commerce based business models for revenue generation. 23- Digital Communications Tools: Evaluating various digital communications tools and platforms that can be used to enhance customer experience. 24- Internal and External Environment Analysis: Analyzing how the changing dynamics of the internal and external environments influence the future direct. 25- Digital Marketing Mix: Analyzing the role of digital marketing within the extended marketing mix- 7 Ps. 26- Introduction 27- Principles of strategic marketing management: Understanding the role of strategic marketing in an organization, analyzing the processes involved, evaluation. 28- Key innovative business drivers for organizational success: Evaluating the relevance of the organization's mission and values in a dynamic environment. 29- Models and process of analyzing business environment and design of strategic marketing in different contexts: Comparing and contrasting tools to under. 30- Process of implementation of strategic marketing in different contexts: Examining the segments, targets, and brand positioning for a product or service. 31- Introduction 32- Brand concept: Understanding the definition and elements of a brand. 33- Brand management: Developing strategies to establish and maintain a brand's identity and reputation. 34- Brand equity: Understanding the value and impact of a brand on organizational success. 35- Corporate branding: Analyzing the relationship between corporate communication and individual product branding. 36- Brand personality: Analyzing the personality traits associated with a brand or organization. 37- Sustainability and CSR: Evaluating the role of corporate social responsibility and sustainability practices in branding. 38- Brand positioning: Analyzing the factors that drive brand identity and positioning. 39- Models of brand equity: Evaluating different models of brand equity and their impact on organizational success. 40- Introduction 41- Research problem analysis: Understanding how to identify and appraise research problems. 42- Research methodology: Understanding how to evaluate and design appropriate research methodologies. 43- Research proposal development: Understanding how to create a research question, literature review, and methodology. 44- Data collection: Understanding how to collect data through interviews, surveys, and questionnaires. 45- Referencing: Understanding how to properly reference sources in research projects. 46- Statistical analysis using SPSS: Understanding how to use SPSS for statistical analysis. 47- Qualitative data analysis: Understanding how to analyze qualitative data and draw conclusions from it. 48- Introduction and Background: Provide an overview of the situation, identify the organization, core business, and initial problem/opportunity. 49- Consultancy Process: Describe the process of consultancy development, including literature review, contracting with the client, research methods. 50- Literature Review: Define key concepts and theories, present models/frameworks, and critically analyze and evaluate literature. 51- Contracting with the Client: Identify client wants/needs, define consultant-client relationship, and articulate value exchange principles. 52- Research Methods: Identify and evaluate selected research methods for investigating problems/opportunity and collecting data. 53- Planning and Implementation: Demonstrate skills as a designer and implementer of an effective consulting initiative, provide evidence of ability. 54- Principal Findings and Recommendations: Critically analyze data collected from consultancy process, translate into compact and informative package. 55- Conclusion and Reflection: Provide overall conclusion to consultancy project, reflect on what was learned about consultancy, managing the consulting. 56- Understand how to apply solutions to organisational change.
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